Knowledge Transfer in Multinational B2B Networks: Mechanisms, Barriers, and Strategic Outcomes

Abstract

Knowledge transfer is a critical capability in multinational business-to-business (B2B) networks, where firms collaborate across borders to co-create value, innovate, and compete globally. In such networks, knowledge flows not only within multinational enterprises but also across inter-organizational relationships involving suppliers, distributors, partners, and customers. This paper examines knowledge transfer in multinational B2B networks by integrating perspectives from knowledge-based theory, network theory, and international business research. It explores the types of knowledge exchanged, key transfer mechanisms, enabling and inhibiting factors, and performance outcomes. The paper further analyzes the role of digital technologies, relational governance, and cultural context in shaping cross-border knowledge flows. Managerial implications and future research directions are proposed to enhance effective knowledge transfer in global B2B networks.